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A look back at some of the most important science and treatment news Cancer Health covered this year.

Early vaccination reduces the risk of cervical cancer by nearly 90%, but many young people remain unprotected.

A majority people with oral and throat cancer tested positive for DNA from high-risk HPV types in their saliva.

The vaccine protects against nine types of human papillomavirus, including those that cause cervical and anal cancer.

However, other malignancies caused by human papillomavirus, including anal and oral cancers, are on the rise.

The American Cancer Society now calls for vaccination of girls and boys starting at age 9.

Available vaccines offer protection against cervical, anal, oral, liver and stomach cancers.

More widespread vaccination could reduce cervical, anal, oral and other cancers caused by human papillomavirus.

The New York Times’ women’s health advice columnist says the claim is not true, no matter what your mother says.

The vaccine is safe and effective against cancer-causing strains of HPV, and yet anti-vaccination misinformation campaigns have taken hold.

Widespread vaccination could potentially eliminate cervical, anal, oral and other HPV-related cancers.

Widespread vaccination could potentially eliminate cervical, anal, oral and other HPV-related cancers.

By talking about her cancer, she hopes to help destigmatize it.

Human papillomavirus vaccine can prevent cervical, anal and oral cancers.

However, a recent randomized controlled trial found evidence that the vaccine may prevent oral infections in this population.

Known as HPV16, the strain of human papillomavirus is strongly associated with anal cancer.